Los movimientos oculares, un camino para comprender las dificultades en el procesamiento de la lectura

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Karina-Viviana Rodríguez
Liliana Fonseca
Francisco-Ramiro Iaconis
Jessica Del Punta
Gustavo Gasaneo

Resumen

El objetivo de este estudio consiste en comparar las características de la lectura en español en niños disléxicos y lectores neurotípicos en base a sus movimientos oculares, según las distintas variables que los caracterizan: tiempo de lectura, número y duración de fijaciones, amplitud, duración y velocidad de sacadas, número de regresiones y distancia recorrida. Para esto se estudiaron los movimientos oculares durante la lectura de palabras y textos de 36 niños de 9-10 años, 11 de los cuales fueron diagnosticados con dislexia. El análisis evidenció diferencias significativas en algunas de las variables estudiadas. Los niños disléxicos realizan un mayor número de fijaciones, requieren mayor tiempo para completar la lectura, realizan sacadas más cortas y más regresiones en comparación con lectores neurotípicos. La distancia media recorrida y la duración de las fijaciones es similar en ambos grupos.

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Rodríguez, K.-V., Fonseca, L., Iaconis, F.-R., Del-Punta, J., & Gasaneo, G. (2025). Los movimientos oculares, un camino para comprender las dificultades en el procesamiento de la lectura. Ocnos, 24(1). https://doi.org/10.18239/ocnos_2025.24.1.488
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